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|issue=[[Carlos, Duke of Madrid]] <br>[[Alfonso Carlos, Duke of San Jaime]]  
|issue=[[Carlos, Duke of Madrid]] <br>[[Alfonso Carlos, Duke of San Jaime]]  
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'''[[Don (honorific)|Don]] Juan Carlos María Isidro de Borbón, Count of Montizón''' ({{lang-fr|Jean Charles Marie Isidore de Bourbon, comte de Montizón}}) (May 15, 1822 – November 18, 1887) was the [[Carlist]] claimant to the throne of [[Spain]] from 1860 to 1868, and the [[Legitimist]] claimant to the throne of [[France]] from 1883 to 1887.
'''[[Don (honorific)|Don]] Juan Carlos María Isidro de Borbón, Count of Montizón''' ({{lang-fr|Jean Charles Marie Isidore de Bourbon, comte de Montizón}}) (15 May, 1822 – 18 November, 1887) was the [[Carlist]] claimant to the throne of [[Spain]] from 1860 to 1868, and the [[Legitimist]] claimant to the throne of [[France]] from 1883 to 1887.


== Youth and marriage ==
== Youth and marriage ==
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In March 1833 Juan moved with his family to Portugal.  The following September Juan's uncle Ferdinand VII died, and Juan's father Carlos claimed the throne of Spain as King Carlos V.  Carlos opposed the succession of his infant niece Queen [[Isabella II of Spain|Isabella II]] whose mother the Queen Regent [[Maria Christina of the Two Sicilies|Maria Christina]] managed to take control on behalf of her daughter.  In June 1834 Juan moved with his family to England where they lived at Gloucester Lodge, Old Brompton Road, and later at Alverstoke Old Rectory, Hampshire.  He remained in England throughout the [[First Carlist War]], playing no part in it on account of his youth.
In March 1833 Juan moved with his family to Portugal.  The following September Juan's uncle Ferdinand VII died, and Juan's father Carlos claimed the throne of Spain as King Carlos V.  Carlos opposed the succession of his infant niece Queen [[Isabella II of Spain|Isabella II]] whose mother the Queen Regent [[Maria Christina of the Two Sicilies|Maria Christina]] managed to take control on behalf of her daughter.  In June 1834 Juan moved with his family to England where they lived at Gloucester Lodge, Old Brompton Road, and later at Alverstoke Old Rectory, Hampshire.  He remained in England throughout the [[First Carlist War]], playing no part in it on account of his youth.


On January 15, 1837 the [[Cortes Generales|Cortes]] which was controlled by the Isabellists passed a law, ratified by the Queen Regent Maria Christina, which excluded Juan, his father, and brothers from the Spanish succession. By the same law the title of ''Infante of Spain'' was removed from Juan and his family.  From the perspective of the Carlists this law was invalid.
On 15 January, 1837 the [[Cortes Generales|Cortes]] which was controlled by the Isabellists passed a law, ratified by the Queen Regent Maria Christina, which excluded Juan, his father, and brothers from the Spanish succession. By the same law the title of ''Infante of Spain'' was removed from Juan and his family.  From the perspective of the Carlists this law was invalid.


On February 6, 1847, Juan married the [[Archduchess Maria Beatrix of Austria-Este]], daughter of Duke [[Francis IV of Modena|Francis IV]] of [[Modena]] and Princess [[Maria Beatrice of Savoy]].  The couple had two sons:
On 6 February, 1847, Juan married the [[Archduchess Maria Beatrix of Austria-Este]], daughter of Duke [[Francis IV of Modena|Francis IV]] of [[Modena]] and Princess [[Maria Beatrice of Savoy]].  The couple had two sons:


* [[Carlos, Duke of Madrid]] (1848-1909).
* [[Carlos, Duke of Madrid]] (1848-1909).
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== Claimant to the throne of Spain ==  
== Claimant to the throne of Spain ==  


Juan played no part in the 1860 Carlist rising led by his brother [[Carlos, Conde de Montemolin|Carlos Luis, count of Montemolín]]. On April 21 Carlos Luis was captured by the troops of [[Isabella II of Spain|Isabella II]] and forced to renounce his claims to the Spanish throne.  On June 2 Juan published a declaration affirming his accession as '''Juan III, King of Spain''';<ref>Jaime Del Burgo, ''Carlos VII y su tiempo: Leyenda y realidad'' (Pamplona: Gobierno de Navarra, 1994), 93-94.</ref> henceforward he used the title ''conde de Montizón'' (in commemoration of a commandery of the [[Order of Santiago]] which belonged to his father).  Juan's accession declaration used phrases such as "the light and progress of the age"; these phrases caused great offence to many Carlists most of whom refused to support him.
Juan played no part in the 1860 Carlist rising led by his brother [[Carlos, Conde de Montemolin|Carlos Luis, count of Montemolín]]. On 21 April Carlos Luis was captured by the troops of [[Isabella II of Spain|Isabella II]] and forced to renounce his claims to the Spanish throne.  On 2 June Juan published a declaration affirming his accession as '''Juan III, King of Spain''';<ref>Jaime Del Burgo, ''Carlos VII y su tiempo: Leyenda y realidad'' (Pamplona: Gobierno de Navarra, 1994), 93-94.</ref> henceforward he used the title ''conde de Montizón'' (in commemoration of a commandery of the [[Order of Santiago]] which belonged to his father).  Juan's accession declaration used phrases such as "the light and progress of the age"; these phrases caused great offence to many Carlists most of whom refused to support him.


Once he had left Spain, his brother Carlos Luis renounced his abdication.  On June 15 he declared that it was invalid since he had been forced to sign against his will.<ref>Del Burgo, 95.</ref>  Juan refused to accept his brother's declaration.  Until the unexpected death of Carlos Luis the following January, there were two Carlist claimants.
Once he had left Spain, his brother Carlos Luis renounced his abdication.  On 15 June he declared that it was invalid since he had been forced to sign against his will.<ref>Del Burgo, 95.</ref>  Juan refused to accept his brother's declaration.  Until the unexpected death of Carlos Luis the following January, there were two Carlist claimants.


During the early 1860s the popularity of the government of Isabella II continued to decline.  Juan's liberal views, however, ensured that he was not a viable candidate for the Carlists.  In 1866, Juan's elder son Carlos (now aged eighteen) asked his father to abdicate his rights, but he did nothing.<ref>Del Burgo, 131-133.</ref>  Two years later, however, on October 3, 1868, Juan signed a decree of abdication at [[Paris]].<ref>Del Burgo, 153.</ref>  He became an active supporter of his son Carlos' attempts to regain the Spanish throne in the [[Third Carlist War]].
During the early 1860s the popularity of the government of Isabella II continued to decline.  Juan's liberal views, however, ensured that he was not a viable candidate for the Carlists.  In 1866, Juan's elder son Carlos (now aged eighteen) asked his father to abdicate his rights, but he did nothing.<ref>Del Burgo, 131-133.</ref>  Two years later, however, on 3 October, 1868, Juan signed a decree of abdication at [[Paris]].<ref>Del Burgo, 153.</ref>  He became an active supporter of his son Carlos' attempts to regain the Spanish throne in the [[Third Carlist War]].


After his abdication Juan lived mostly in England in the town of Worthing.  He used the name Charles Monfort. He lived with an Englishwoman, Ellen Sarah Carter, with whom he had a son John Monfort (1861-1929) and a daughter Helen (1859-1947).
After his abdication Juan lived mostly in England in the town of Worthing.  He used the name Charles Monfort. He lived with an Englishwoman, Ellen Sarah Carter, with whom he had a son John Monfort (1861-1929) and a daughter Helen (1859-1947).
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== Claimant to the throne of France ==  
== Claimant to the throne of France ==  


On August 24, 1883 Juan's distant cousin and brother-in-law [[Henri, comte de Chambord]] died.  Henri had been the [[Legitimist]] claimant to the throne of [[France]].  Henri's widow, [[Archduchess Maria Theresa of Austria-Este (1817–1886)|Archduchess Maria Theresa of Austria-Este]], and a minority of his supporters held that Juan as senior male descendant of [[Louis XIV of France|Louis XIV]] was his successor.  They proclaimed him as '''Jean III, King of France and Navarre'''.  He issued a declaration saying, "Having become Head of the House of Bourbon by the death of my brother-in-law and cousin, the Comte de Chambord, I declare that I do not in any way renounce the rights to the throne of France which I have held since my birth".  But other than this declaration he made no active claim to the French throne.
On 24 August, 1883 Juan's distant cousin and brother-in-law [[Henri, comte de Chambord]] died.  Henri had been the [[Legitimist]] claimant to the throne of [[France]].  Henri's widow, [[Archduchess Maria Theresa of Austria-Este (1817–1886)|Archduchess Maria Theresa of Austria-Este]], and a minority of his supporters held that Juan as senior male descendant of [[Louis XIV of France|Louis XIV]] was his successor.  They proclaimed him as '''Jean III, King of France and Navarre'''.  He issued a declaration saying, "Having become Head of the House of Bourbon by the death of my brother-in-law and cousin, the Comte de Chambord, I declare that I do not in any way renounce the rights to the throne of France which I have held since my birth".  But other than this declaration he made no active claim to the French throne.


Juan died at his home (25 Seafield Road) in Hove in 1887.  His funeral mass was held November 24 in Sacred Heart Church in Hove in the presence of his two sons.<ref>Del Burgo, 325.</ref>  Then his body was taken to [[Trieste]] where it is buried in the chapel of Saint Charles Borromeo in the [[Cathedral of San Giusto, Trieste|Basilica di San Giusto]].<ref>Del Burgo, 326.</ref>
Juan died at his home (25 Seafield Road) in Hove in 1887.  His funeral mass was held 24 November in Sacred Heart Church in Hove in the presence of his two sons.<ref>Del Burgo, 325.</ref>  Then his body was taken to [[Trieste]] where it is buried in the chapel of Saint Charles Borromeo in the [[Cathedral of San Giusto, Trieste|Basilica di San Giusto]].<ref>Del Burgo, 326.</ref>


==Ancestors==
== Ancestors ==
{{ahnentafel top|width=100%}}
{{ahnentafel top|width=100%}}
{{ahnentafel-compact5
{{ahnentafel-compact5
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{{ahnentafel bottom}}
{{ahnentafel bottom}}


==References==
== References ==
{{Refimprove|date=November 2007}}<!-- Do not remove this notice until all facts in the article are cited properly. -->
{{Refimprove|date=November 2007}}<!-- Do not remove this notice until all facts in the article are cited properly. -->
{{reflist}}
{{reflist}}


==External links==
== External links ==
Juan's [http://www.univ-paris13.fr/CRIDAF/SFEVE/BlowUps/1852Hippo.jpg photograph] of the hippopotamus at the London Zoo, 1852 [http://www.univ-paris13.fr/CRIDAF/SFEVE/SFEVE3.htm]
Juan's [http://www.univ-paris13.fr/CRIDAF/SFEVE/BlowUps/1852Hippo.jpg photograph] of the hippopotamus at the London Zoo, 1852 [http://www.univ-paris13.fr/CRIDAF/SFEVE/SFEVE3.htm]


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{{s-pre|}}
{{s-pre|}}
{{s-bef|before=[[Infante Carlos, Count of Montemolin|Carlos, Count of Montemolin]]|as=Charles (Carlos) VI}}
{{s-bef|before=[[Infante Carlos, Count of Montemolin|Carlos, Count of Montemolin]]|as=Charles (Carlos) VI}}
{{s-tul|title=[[List of Spanish monarchs|King of Spain]]|title2=[[Carlism|Carlist pretender to the Spanish throne]]|years=January 13, 1861 – October 3, 1868}}
{{s-tul|title=[[List of Spanish monarchs|King of Spain]]|title2=[[Carlism|Carlist pretender to the Spanish throne]]|years=13 January, 1861 – 3 October, 1868}}
{{s-aft|rows=2|after=[[Carlos, Duke of Madrid]]|as=Charles VII of Spain and XI of France}}
{{s-aft|rows=2|after=[[Carlos, Duke of Madrid]]|as=Charles VII of Spain and XI of France}}
{{s-bef|before=[[Henri, Count of Chambord]]|as=Henry V}}
{{s-bef|before=[[Henri, Count of Chambord]]|as=Henry V}}
{{s-tul|title=[[List of French monarchs|King of France]] and [[List of Navarrese monarchs|Navarre]]|title2=[[Legitimists|Legitimist pretender to the French throne]]|years=August 24, 1883 – November 21, 1887}}
{{s-tul|title=[[List of French monarchs|King of France]] and [[List of Navarrese monarchs|Navarre]]|title2=[[Legitimists|Legitimist pretender to the French throne]]|years=24 August, 1883 – 21 November, 1887}}
{{s-end}}
{{s-end}}
{{Infantes of Spain}}
{{Infantes of Spain}}
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<span style="font-size:90%"></span>


{{DEFAULTSORT:Juan of Montizon, Count}}
 
[[Category:1822 births]]
 
[[Category:1887 deaths]]
 
[[Category:People from Madrid]]
 
[[Category:Knights of the Golden Fleece]]
 
[[Category:Legitimist pretenders to the French throne]]
[[Category:Carlist pretenders to the Spanish throne]]
[[Category:House of Bourbon (Spain)]]
[[Category:Spanish infantes]]


[[ca:Joan Carles de Borbó i de Bragança]]
[[ca:Joan Carles de Borbó i de Bragança]]
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[[ru:Хуан, граф Монтисон]]
[[ru:Хуан, граф Монтисон]]
[[sv:Don Juan, hertig av Montizon]]
[[sv:Don Juan, hertig av Montizon]]
{{DEFAULTSORT:Juan of Montizon, Count}}
[[Category:1822 births]]
[[Category:1887 deaths]]
[[Category:Carlist pretenders to the Spanish throne]]
[[Category:House of Bourbon (Spain)]]
[[Category:Knights of the Golden Fleece]]
[[Category:Legitimist pretenders to the French throne]]
[[Category:People from Madrid]]
[[Category:Spanish infantes]]

Revision as of 20:03, 28 July 2010

Template:Infobox royalty Don Juan Carlos María Isidro de Borbón, Count of Montizón (Template:Lang-fr) (15 May, 1822 – 18 November, 1887) was the Carlist claimant to the throne of Spain from 1860 to 1868, and the Legitimist claimant to the throne of France from 1883 to 1887.

Youth and marriage

Juan was born at the Palacio Real de Aranjuez in Madrid, the younger son of the Infante Carlos of Spain, brother of King Ferdinand VII, and his first wife, Infanta Maria Francisca of Portugal. He was raised in an atmosphere imbued with traditional values of loyalty to the monarchy and the Church.

In March 1833 Juan moved with his family to Portugal. The following September Juan's uncle Ferdinand VII died, and Juan's father Carlos claimed the throne of Spain as King Carlos V. Carlos opposed the succession of his infant niece Queen Isabella II whose mother the Queen Regent Maria Christina managed to take control on behalf of her daughter. In June 1834 Juan moved with his family to England where they lived at Gloucester Lodge, Old Brompton Road, and later at Alverstoke Old Rectory, Hampshire. He remained in England throughout the First Carlist War, playing no part in it on account of his youth.

On 15 January, 1837 the Cortes which was controlled by the Isabellists passed a law, ratified by the Queen Regent Maria Christina, which excluded Juan, his father, and brothers from the Spanish succession. By the same law the title of Infante of Spain was removed from Juan and his family. From the perspective of the Carlists this law was invalid.

On 6 February, 1847, Juan married the Archduchess Maria Beatrix of Austria-Este, daughter of Duke Francis IV of Modena and Princess Maria Beatrice of Savoy. The couple had two sons:

Juan and Beatrix lived first in Modena, but had to leave during the revolution of 1848. After a brief time in Austria, they settled in London where their younger son was born. In spite of the conservatism and religious piety of his own family and particularly that of his wife, Juan developed liberal tendencies. He separated from his wife who returned to Modena where she raised her two sons.

Claimant to the throne of Spain

Juan played no part in the 1860 Carlist rising led by his brother Carlos Luis, count of Montemolín. On 21 April Carlos Luis was captured by the troops of Isabella II and forced to renounce his claims to the Spanish throne. On 2 June Juan published a declaration affirming his accession as Juan III, King of Spain;[1] henceforward he used the title conde de Montizón (in commemoration of a commandery of the Order of Santiago which belonged to his father). Juan's accession declaration used phrases such as "the light and progress of the age"; these phrases caused great offence to many Carlists most of whom refused to support him.

Once he had left Spain, his brother Carlos Luis renounced his abdication. On 15 June he declared that it was invalid since he had been forced to sign against his will.[2] Juan refused to accept his brother's declaration. Until the unexpected death of Carlos Luis the following January, there were two Carlist claimants.

During the early 1860s the popularity of the government of Isabella II continued to decline. Juan's liberal views, however, ensured that he was not a viable candidate for the Carlists. In 1866, Juan's elder son Carlos (now aged eighteen) asked his father to abdicate his rights, but he did nothing.[3] Two years later, however, on 3 October, 1868, Juan signed a decree of abdication at Paris.[4] He became an active supporter of his son Carlos' attempts to regain the Spanish throne in the Third Carlist War.

After his abdication Juan lived mostly in England in the town of Worthing. He used the name Charles Monfort. He lived with an Englishwoman, Ellen Sarah Carter, with whom he had a son John Monfort (1861-1929) and a daughter Helen (1859-1947).

Claimant to the throne of France

On 24 August, 1883 Juan's distant cousin and brother-in-law Henri, comte de Chambord died. Henri had been the Legitimist claimant to the throne of France. Henri's widow, Archduchess Maria Theresa of Austria-Este, and a minority of his supporters held that Juan as senior male descendant of Louis XIV was his successor. They proclaimed him as Jean III, King of France and Navarre. He issued a declaration saying, "Having become Head of the House of Bourbon by the death of my brother-in-law and cousin, the Comte de Chambord, I declare that I do not in any way renounce the rights to the throne of France which I have held since my birth". But other than this declaration he made no active claim to the French throne.

Juan died at his home (25 Seafield Road) in Hove in 1887. His funeral mass was held 24 November in Sacred Heart Church in Hove in the presence of his two sons.[5] Then his body was taken to Trieste where it is buried in the chapel of Saint Charles Borromeo in the Basilica di San Giusto.[6]

Ancestors

Template:Ahnentafel top Template:Ahnentafel-compact5 Template:Ahnentafel bottom

References

Template:Refimprove

  1. ^ Jaime Del Burgo, Carlos VII y su tiempo: Leyenda y realidad (Pamplona: Gobierno de Navarra, 1994), 93-94.
  2. ^ Del Burgo, 95.
  3. ^ Del Burgo, 131-133.
  4. ^ Del Burgo, 153.
  5. ^ Del Burgo, 325.
  6. ^ Del Burgo, 326.

External links

Juan's photograph of the hippopotamus at the London Zoo, 1852 [1]

Template:S-start Template:S-hou[death certificate] Template:S-pre Template:S-bef Template:S-tul Template:S-aft Template:S-bef Template:S-tul Template:S-end Template:Infantes of Spain Template:Carlist Pretenders Template:French Pretenders Template:House of Bourbon, 1761-1931 (Charles III-Alfonso XIII Arms)




ca:Joan Carles de Borbó i de Bragança de:Juan Carlos de Borbón el:Χουάν Κάρλος των Βουρβόνων es:Juan de Borbón y Braganza gl:Xoán, conde de Montizón it:Giovanni Carlo di Borbone-Spagna nl:Juan de Borbón (1822-1887) ja:フアン・カルロス・デ・ボルボーン (モンティソン伯) pl:Jan (III) Burbon pt:João, Conde de Montizón ru:Хуан, граф Монтисон sv:Don Juan, hertig av Montizon